Meanwhile, in the contemporary legislative process, there is room for popular participation through mechanisms such as public consultations, public hearings , petitions and political pressure exerted by citizens on their representatives. This ensures greater legitimacy and representativeness of the laws passed.
Popular participation
Checks and balances of powers
During the military regime, Institutional Acts were used to concentrate power in the hands of the military, undermining the principles of separation of powers.
The contemporary democratic legislative system, on the other uk mobile database hand, is based on the separation of powers between the Legislative, Executive and Judiciary branches , with checks and balances to prevent abuse of power. Laws are debated and approved by Congress, while the Executive sanctions and executes the laws, and the Judiciary interprets them and ensures their application in accordance with the Constitution.
Table indicating that during the military regime there was no separation of powers and control mechanisms
Checks and balances of powers
Individual rights and guarantees
During the period of the Institutional Acts, individual rights and guarantees were frequently violated. Decrees were used to restrict civil and political rights, such as the suspension of habeas corpus, censorship of the press and the prohibition of political activities.
In the current democratic system, individual rights and guarantees are protected by the Federal Constitution and by laws drafted by the National Congress. Any restriction on these rights must go through a rigorous legislative process and respect constitutional principles and human rights.